Por qué fracasan los países una reflexion de Acemoglu y Robinson. …….

Tras mi experiencia en Suecia, un Pais cuya monarquia desciende de un general de Napoleon (Bernardotte) y que en 1930 creo el estado del bienestar con mecanismos como el seguro de desempleo (¿Que hacíamos entonces en España?) me resulta interesante el libro recientemente publicado por  Ediciones Deusto (2012).”Por qué fracasan los países” de Daron Acemoglu y James A. Robinson que explica nuestra situación como la consecuencia de una sociedad sin estructura democratica y un enorme peso de la corrupcion. Interesante la comparacion entre Slim y Gates y como ambos se hacen millonarios.

Estos autores explican en su blog como, tras  la segunda guerra mundial. Europa que estaba destrozada fue capaz de recuperarse gracias al desarrollo de instituciones inclusivas y democraticas:

………………………..”post-war European institutions have been fairly inclusive and democratic, characterized by broad participation in elections and politics both at the national and the local level. They have also been much more robust in handling conflicts and challenges, avoiding the sort of pitfalls that became the undoing of nascent democratic regimes such as the Weimar Republic.

But national institutions are situated in the context created by international ones. It wasn’t just the hostility of traditional elites and the various institutions they controlled that destroyed the Weimar Republic, but also the European context. It was the Nazi regime that arose out of the ashes of the Weimar Republic and its international aggression that decimated the struggling regimes in Belgium, France, the Netherlands, Czechoslovakia and Poland. It was then clear that inclusive political institutions, and consequently inclusive economic institutions, would be impossible in Western Europe without international institutions ensuring peace and stability.

One central institution was transformative for European inclusive institutions: the European Union.

The European Union project worked. Europe didn’t even come close to a war since 1951, and its member countries did not see their democracies threatened. The exceptions here prove the rule. Spain famously averted a military coup in 1981 after Franco’s death but this was before it joined the European Community in 1991. Europe experienced a bloody civil war in Yugoslavia, but this was outside the institutions and the remit of the European Union.

For this, especially at a time when many are turning against the European Union and despairing of the European project, it is an unusually worthy Nobel Prize and unusually astute move by the Norwegian Nobel Prize committee.….”

Ver resumen en: http://www.elconfidencial.com/opinion/mientras-tanto/2012/10/14/los-otros-y-verdaderos-culpables-de-la-crisis-10025/